Annapurna Chalisa — Word-by-Word Meaning
अन्नपूर्णा चालीसा
Every Sanskrit word explained in English
Word-by-Word Breakdown
विश्वेश्वर पदपद्म की रज
Vishweshvara Padapadma Ki Raja
The dust of the lotus feet of Vishweshvara (Lord Shiva of Kashi)
निज शीश लगाय
Nija Shisha Lagaya
Applying upon my own head
अन्नपूर्णे! तव सुयश
Annapurne! Tava Suyasha
O Annapurna, your glorious fame
बरनौं कवि मति लाय
Baranaun Kavi Mati Laya
I describe, applying the poet's intellect
नित्य आनंद करिणी
Nitya Ananda Karini
The ever-blissful one, giver of constant joy
वर अरु अभय
Vara Aru Abhaya
Renowned for the boon-giving and fear-dispelling gestures (varada and abhaya mudra)
सौंदर्य सिंधु जग जननी
Saundarya Sindhu Jaga Janani
Ocean of beauty, mother of the world
काशी पुराधीश्वरी
Kashi Puradhishvari
The sovereign Goddess of the city of Kashi (Varanasi)
माहेश्वरी सकल जग त्राता
Maheshvari Sakala Jaga Trata
The great Goddess, protector of the whole world
गिरि नंदिनि
Giri Nandini
The daughter of the mountain (Himalaya)
दक्ष यज्ञ महं मरती बारा
Daksha Yajna Mahn Marati Bara
At the time of dying at Daksha's sacrifice (as Sati)
माला पुस्तक अंकुश
Mala Pustaka Ankusha
Holding the rosary, book and goad (in her hands)
अन्नपूर्णे! सदापूर्णे
Annapurne! Sadapurne
O Annapurna, ever-full and complete one
अज अनवद्य अनंत पूर्णे
Aja Anavadya Ananta Purne
Unborn, blameless, infinite and complete
कृपा सागरी क्षेमंकरि
Kripa Sagari Kshemankari
Ocean of compassion, bringer of welfare
स्वर्ग महालक्ष्मी कहलायी
Svarga Mahalakshmi Kahalayi
In heaven you are called Mahalakshmi
मर्त्य लोक लक्ष्मी
Martya Loka Lakshmi
In the mortal world you are Lakshmi (of prosperity)
पाठ महा मुद मंगल दाता
Patha Maha Muda Mangala Data
This recitation is a giver of great joy and auspiciousness
भक्त मनोवांछित निधि
Bhakta Manovanchhita Nidhi
The devotee obtains the desired treasure of their heart
साखी काशीनाथ
Sakhi Kashinatha
With Kashinath (Lord of Kashi) as witness, all their tasks are fulfilled
Complete Translation
Placing on my head the dust of the lotus feet of Vishweshvara, I describe, O Annapurna, your glorious fame with the poet's humble intellect. O ever-blissful Mother, renowned for the boon-giving and fear-dispelling gestures; victory to you, ocean of beauty, mother of the world, remover of all sins, fear and worldly bondage.
The chalisa hails Annapurna as the white-bodied Goddess clad in white, served by sages, the sovereign of Kashi and protector of all worlds, riding the bull as Rudrani. It recounts her story as Sati who gave up her body in the fire of yoga at the grief of separation, and was reborn as Girija, daughter of the Himalaya; how Narada inspired her penance to win Shiva again; how Brahma came and granted her boon; and how she was united with Shankara as Girija, radiant with the light of a million moons and suns, bearing the rosary, book and goad. She is the ever-full Annapurna — unborn, infinite and complete — the ocean of compassion, who in heaven is Mahalakshmi and on earth is Lakshmi, present in all forms. Whoever reads this chalisa obtains auspicious fruits with Lord Shiva as witness; the devotee who recites it at dawn with love gains extraordinary prosperity together with spouse, family, friends and children, even royalty to one bereft of it. This recitation is a giver of great joy and auspiciousness, granting the devotee the treasure of their heart's desire — with Kashinath as witness, all their tasks are accomplished.
Origin & History
Source: Traditional Hindi devotional literature (Shakta tradition of Kashi)
Author: Traditional (anonymous)
Period: Modern devotional period
The Annapurna Chalisa is a popular forty-verse Hindi hymn to Annapurna, the food-bestowing Goddess of Kashi. It draws on the Puranic identity of Annapurna as Parvati and on the famous Kashi legend in which Shiva, to teach that even the ascetic depends on the Mother for sustenance, begged for food from Annapurna's own hands. The chalisa retells her story as Sati and Girija reunited with Shiva, and praises her as the source of all nourishment and prosperity, one with Lakshmi.
Frequently Asked Questions
Who is Goddess Annapurna?▼
Annapurna is a form of Goddess Parvati who presides over food and nourishment. Her name means 'full of food' (anna = food, purna = full). She is the sovereign deity of Kashi (Varanasi), where she is said to feed all beings, and is worshipped as the giver of nourishment, abundance and prosperity.
What does Annapurna hold in her hands?▼
The chalisa describes her bearing a rosary (mala), a book (pustaka) and a goad (ankusha), and elsewhere she is famously depicted holding a vessel of food and a serving ladle, giving alms to Lord Shiva himself who appears before her as a mendicant in Kashi.
When should the Annapurna Chalisa be recited?▼
It is best recited at dawn, as the hymn itself advises, and especially on Annapurna Jayanti (the full moon of Margashirsha), Akshaya Tritiya and Fridays. Many also recite it before cooking or serving food.
What blessings does the Annapurna Chalisa give?▼
The closing verses promise that the devotee obtains auspicious fruits and the treasure of their heart's desire, with Kashinath as witness. It is recited for abundance of food, prosperity, and the well-being of one's whole family.
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