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Parvati Chalisa — Word-by-Word Meaning

पार्वती चालीसा

Every Sanskrit word explained in English

Word-by-Word Breakdown

जय गिरि तनये
Jaya Giri Tanaye
Victory to the daughter of the mountain (Himalaya)
दक्षजे
Dakshaje
Born of Daksha (as Sati in her previous birth)
शम्भु प्रिये
Shambhu Priye
Beloved of Shambhu (Shiva)
गुणखानि
Gunakhani
A mine / treasure-store of virtues
गणपति जननी
Ganapati Janani
Mother of Ganapati (Ganesha)
अम्बे! शक्ति! भवानि
Ambe! Shakti! Bhavani
O Mother! O Power! O Bhavani!
ब्रह्मा भेद न पावे
Brahma Bheda Na Pave
Even Brahma cannot fathom your mystery
पंचबदन
Panchabadana
The five-faced one (Shiva) ever meditates on you
गिरि कैलाश निवासिनी
Giri Kailasha Nivasini
Dweller on Mount Kailasha
नीलकंठ की पदवी
Nilakantha Ki Padavi
The title 'Nilakantha' (blue-throated), gained by Shiva drinking the halahala poison
दुरित विदारिणी
Durita Vidarini
Destroyer of sins and evils
मंगलकारिणी
Mangalakarini
Bringer of auspiciousness
अखिल पाप त्रयताप निकन्दनी
Akhila Papa Trayatapa Nikandani
Uprooter of all sins and the three kinds of suffering
माहेश्वरी हिमालय नन्दिनी
Maheshvari Himalaya Nandini
The great Goddess, delight of Himalaya
अन्नपूर्णा जग प्रतिपाली
Annapurna Jaga Pratipali
As Annapurna, the nourisher and sustainer of the world
कठिन तपस्या कीनी
Kathina Tapasya Kini
You performed severe austerity (to win Shiva)
उमा नाम तब पायउ
Uma Nama Taba Payau
Then you received the name 'Uma' (U-ma, 'O do not [practise such austerity]')
मांगे उमा वर पति
Mange Uma Vara Pati
Uma asked for Shiva himself as the boon of a husband
जो पढ़िहै जन यह चालीसा
Jo Padhihai Jana Yaha Chalisa
Whoever recites this chalisa
धन जन सुख देइहै
Dhana Jana Sukha Deihai
the Lord grants them wealth, family and happiness

Complete Translation

Victory to Parvati, daughter of the mountain, born of Daksha, beloved of Shambhu, a treasure of virtues; mother of Ganapati, O Amba, O Shakti, O Bhavani! Even Brahma cannot fathom your mystery; the five-faced Shiva ever meditates on you, the six-faced Kartikeya cannot fully sing your praise, and the thousand-tongued Shesha labours in vain to describe you. The chalisa lovingly describes the Goddess's beauty — her coral lips, dark beautiful eyes, saffron-marked forehead, golden garments and jewelled throne worshipped by Indra and all beings. It tells how, through her ancient merit, she won Shiva, the lord of the three worlds, as her husband, though he rides an old bull, dwells in cremation grounds and wears serpents as ornaments. It recounts how Shiva drank the halahala poison to save the gods and became Nilakantha, and how Parvati, as his consort, destroys sins and bestows auspiciousness. It names her Gauri, Uma, Shankari, Kali and Annapurna, the sustainer of the world, and narrates her severe penance — taking no food, water or air until only bones remained — by which she won the name Uma and the boon of Shiva as husband. Whoever recites this chalisa, the Lord grants them wealth, progeny and happiness; O Parvati, remain ever the boon-giver to your devotees.

Origin & History

Source: Traditional Hindi devotional literature (Shakta–Shaiva tradition)

Author: Traditional (anonymous)

Period: Modern devotional period

The Parvati Chalisa is a popular forty-verse Hindi hymn in praise of Parvati, the Mountain-Goddess. Drawing on the Puranas and the Shiva–Parvati cycle (notably the Shiva Purana and Kalidasa's Kumarasambhava), it celebrates her birth as Himalaya's daughter, her legendary penance to win Shiva, and her forms as Gauri, Uma, Kali and Annapurna. It is widely recited by devotees of the Divine Mother and by those seeking marital and domestic happiness.

Frequently Asked Questions

Who is Goddess Parvati?
Parvati is the daughter of Himavan (the Himalaya mountain), the consort of Lord Shiva, and the mother of Ganesha and Kartikeya. She is the gentle form of the Divine Mother (Shakti) and is also known as Gauri, Uma, Bhavani and Annapurna.
Why did Parvati perform severe penance?
The chalisa recounts how Parvati undertook extreme austerity — giving up food, water and even air until only her bones remained — to win Lord Shiva as her husband. When the sages tried to dissuade her she refused, and she received the name 'Uma'. Pleased, the gods granted her the boon of marrying Shiva.
When should the Parvati Chalisa be recited?
It is especially recited on Mondays and Fridays, during Navratri, and on vows like Teej and Hartalika that are observed for marital harmony and the well-being of one's spouse and family.
What blessings does the Parvati Chalisa give?
The closing verses promise that whoever recites it is granted wealth, family and happiness by the Lord. Devotees seek marital harmony, a good life-partner, progeny, domestic well-being and the Goddess's protective grace.

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