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shankaracharyahastamalakaadvaitavedanta

Hastamalakiyam (Hastamalaka Stotram)

Hastamalakiyam (Hastamalaka Stotram) in English · English

🕉️ hindu·📿 1× repetitions·🕐 Early morning after bath, or during meditation and Vedantic study (svadhyaya)·📜 Advaita stotra recorded by tradition; verses spoken by Hastamalakacharya, commentary by Adi Shankaracharya
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Meaning

The Hastamalakiyam (Hastamalaka Stotram) is a famous Advaita hymn of twelve core verses spoken by the boy-sage Hastamalaka in answer to Adi Shankaracharya's question 'Who are you?'. The child replies that he is none of the bodily or social identities, but the eternal witness-consciousness — 'sa nityopalabdhi-svarupo'ham atma', 'that Self whose very nature is eternal awareness, am I' — the refrain of each verse. Using luminous similes of the sun, the mirror and reflected moonlight, it teaches the Self as the self-luminous reality behind mind and senses. Shankara was so moved that he wrote a commentary on it.

Origin & Story

Advaita stotra recorded by tradition; verses spoken by Hastamalakacharya, commentary by Adi Shankaracharya · Hastamalakacharya (verses); Adi Shankaracharya (compiler and commentator) · Classical (traditionally 8th century CE)

According to tradition, when Adi Shankaracharya was travelling he met a boy who, though appearing dull and silent to others, was in fact a great soul absorbed in the Self. When Shankara asked him 'Who are you, child? Where do you come from?', the boy responded with these twelve luminous verses declaring the Self as the eternal witness-consciousness, untouched by body, caste, ashrama or the senses. Shankara, recognizing his realization to be 'as clear as a fruit in the palm', named him Hastamalaka and made him one of his four chief disciples. So profound were the verses that Shankara wrote a commentary on them.

As told in scripture

Tradition relates that the boy Hastamalaka had been regarded by his own family as dull-witted and mute, for he was forever absorbed within; yet at Shankara's single question the entire wisdom of Vedanta poured forth from him in these twelve flawless verses, revealing that what the world took for a simpleton was in truth a sage whose Self-knowledge was as plain to him as an amalaka fruit held in the hand.

Complete Text with Meaning

Tap any line — or the ▶ button — to hear it recited

Verse 1

kastvaṃ śiśo kasya kuto'si gantā kiṃ nāma te tvaṃ kuta āgato'si | etan mayoktaṃ vada cārbhaka tvaṃ mat-prītaye prīti-vivardhano'si ||1||

Meaning:(Shankara asks:) Who are you, O child? Whose are you? Where are you going? What is your name, and from where have you come? Tell me all this, dear boy — you delight me, you swell my affection.

Verse 2

nāhaṃ manuṣyo na ca deva-yakṣau na brāhmaṇa-kṣatriya-vaiśya-śūdrāḥ | na brahmacārī na gṛhī vanastho bhikṣur na cāhaṃ nija-bodha-rūpaḥ ||2||

Meaning:(The boy replies:) I am not a man, nor a god or yaksha; not a brahmana, kshatriya, vaishya or shudra; neither a celibate student, householder, forest-hermit nor mendicant — I am of the nature of pure Self-knowledge itself.

Verse 3

nimittaṃ manaś-cakṣur-ādi-pravṛttau nirastākhilopādhir ākāśa-kalpaḥ | ravir loka-ceṣṭā-nimittaṃ yathā yaḥ sa nityopalabdhi-svarūpo'ham ātmā ||3||

Meaning:The cause behind the working of the mind, eyes and the other senses, yet free of every limiting condition and subtle as space — like the sun that is the impartial cause of all activity in the world — that Self, whose very nature is eternal awareness, am I.

Verse 4

yam agny-uṣṇavan nitya-bodha-svarūpaṃ manaś-cakṣur-ādīny abodhātmakāni | pravartanta āśritya niṣkampam ekaṃ sa nityopalabdhi-svarūpo'ham ātmā ||4||

Meaning:That one, motionless reality, of the nature of eternal consciousness as heat is inseparable from fire, depending upon which the mind, eyes and senses — themselves insentient — carry out their functions — that Self, whose nature is eternal awareness, am I.

Verse 5

mukhābhāsako darpaṇe dṛśyamāno mukhatvāt pṛthaktvena naivāsti vastu | cid-ābhāsako dhīṣu jīvo'pi tadvat sa nityopalabdhi-svarūpo'ham ātmā ||5||

Meaning:The image of a face seen in a mirror has no real existence apart from the face itself; just so the individual soul is only the reflection of Consciousness in the intellect — that Self, whose nature is eternal awareness, am I.

Verse 6

yathā darpaṇābhāva ābhāsa-hānau mukhaṃ vidyate kalpanā-hīnam ekam | tathā dhī-viyoge nirābhāsako yaḥ sa nityopalabdhi-svarūpo'ham ātmā ||6||

Meaning:As, when the mirror is absent and the reflection ceases, the one face still remains free of all imagining, so the reality that remains without any reflection when the intellect is withdrawn — that Self, whose nature is eternal awareness, am I.

Verse 7

manaś-cakṣur-āder viyuktaḥ svayaṃ yo manaś-cakṣur-āder manaś-cakṣur-ādiḥ | manaś-cakṣur-āder agamya-svarūpaḥ sa nityopalabdhi-svarūpo'ham ātmā ||7||

Meaning:That which is itself ever apart from the mind, eyes and senses, yet is the very mind of the mind and eye of the eye, whose true nature the mind and senses can never reach — that Self, whose nature is eternal awareness, am I.

Verse 8

ya eko vibhāti svataḥ śuddha-cetāḥ prakāśa-svarūpo'pi nāneva dhīṣu | śarāvodaka-stho yathā bhānur ekaḥ sa nityopalabdhi-svarūpo'ham ātmā ||8||

Meaning:The one who shines by his own light, pure consciousness, who though of one nature appears as many in the many intellects — as the one sun appears multiplied in many bowls of water — that Self, whose nature is eternal awareness, am I.

Verse 9

yathāneka-cakṣuḥ-prakāśo ravir na krameṇa prakāśī-karoti prakāśyam | anekā dhiyo yas tathaikaḥ prabodhaḥ sa nityopalabdhi-svarūpo'ham ātmā ||9||

Meaning:As the sun, the light of countless eyes, does not illumine objects one after another but reveals all at once, so the one awareness illumines the many intellects together — that Self, whose nature is eternal awareness, am I.

Verse 10

vivasvat-prabhātaṃ yathā rūpam akṣaṃ pragṛhṇāti nābhātam evaṃ vivasvān | yad-ābhāta ābhāsayaty akṣam ekaḥ sa nityopalabdhi-svarūpo'ham ātmā ||10||

Meaning:Just as the eye grasps a form lit by the sun but cannot grasp the sun that is not itself lit by another, so that one by whose shining the eye itself is made to function — that Self, whose nature is eternal awareness, am I.

Verse 11

yathā sūrya eko'psv aneka-ścalāsu sthirāsv apy ananyad vibhāvya-svarūpaḥ | calāsu prabhinnaḥ sudhīṣv eka eva sa nityopalabdhi-svarūpo'ham ātmā ||11||

Meaning:As the one sun appears as many in rippling waters yet remains undivided in still waters, ever one in its real nature — appearing divided among restless intellects yet one in the wise — that Self, whose nature is eternal awareness, am I.

Verse 12

ghana-cchanna-dṛṣṭir ghana-cchannam arkaṃ yathā niṣprabhaṃ manyate cātimūḍhaḥ | tathā baddhavad bhāti yo mūḍha-dṛṣṭeḥ sa nityopalabdhi-svarūpo'ham ātmā ||12||

Meaning:As a person whose sight is veiled by clouds thinks, in his folly, that the cloud-covered sun has lost its light, so to the deluded vision the ever-free Self appears as though bound — that Self, whose nature is eternal awareness, am I.

Verse 13

samasteṣu vastuṣv anusyūtam ekaṃ samastāni vastūni yan na spṛśanti | viyadvat sadā śuddham accha-svarūpaṃ sa nityopalabdhi-svarūpo'ham ātmā ||13||

Meaning:The one consciousness threaded through all things, which no object can touch or taint, ever pure and clear like space itself — that Self, whose nature is eternal awareness, am I.

Verse 14

upādhau yathā bhedatā san-maṇīnāṃ tathā bhedatā buddhi-bhedeṣu te'pi | yathā candrikāṇāṃ jale cañcalatvaṃ tathā cañcalatvaṃ tavāpīha viṣṇo ||14||

Meaning:As the apparent difference among genuine gems is due only to their settings, so the apparent difference (in You) is due only to the differing intellects; and as the reflected moonbeams seem to quiver only because of the moving water, so the seeming restlessness, O Lord, is but apparent in You.

Word-by-Word Meaning

Click any word to hear its pronunciation

kaḥ tvaṃ śiśo🔊Who are you, O child? (Shankara's opening question)
kasya kutaḥ asi gantā🔊Whose are you, from where do you come, where are you going?
kiṃ nāma te🔊What is your name?
nāhaṃ manuṣyaḥ🔊I am not a human being (the boy's reply)
na ca deva-yakṣau🔊nor a god nor a yaksha
na brahmacārī na gṛhī vanastho bhikṣuḥ🔊neither a celibate student, nor householder, nor forest-dweller, nor mendicant (the four ashramas)
nija-bodha-rūpaḥ🔊I am of the nature of pure self-luminous Consciousness
nimittaṃ manaś-cakṣur-ādi-pravṛttau🔊the cause behind the activity of the mind, eyes and the other senses
nirastākhilopādhiḥ🔊free from (having cast off) every limiting adjunct (upadhi)
ākāśa-kalpaḥ🔊subtle and all-pervading like space
raviḥ loka-ceṣṭā-nimittaṃ yathā🔊as the sun is the (impartial) cause of all activity in the world
sa nityopalabdhi-svarūpo'ham ātmā🔊that Self, whose very nature is eternal awareness, am I (the recurring refrain)
agny-uṣṇavat🔊as heat is inseparable from fire
nitya-bodha-svarūpam🔊of the nature of eternal consciousness/awareness
manaś-cakṣur-ādīny abodhātmakāni🔊the mind, eyes and the rest, which are themselves insentient (without their own consciousness)
mukhābhāsako darpaṇe🔊the reflection of a face in a mirror
cid-ābhāsako dhīṣu jīvo'pi tadvat🔊likewise the jiva is but the reflection of Consciousness in the intellects
śarāvodaka-stho yathā bhānur ekaḥ🔊as the one sun (appears multiple) reflected in many bowls of water
yathā sūrya ekaḥ apsu anekaḥ🔊as the one sun appears as many in (moving) waters
ghana-cchanna-dṛṣṭiḥ🔊one whose sight is veiled by clouds
baddhavad bhāti yaḥ mūḍha-dṛṣṭeḥ🔊the Self (ever-free) appears as though bound to the deluded vision
samasteṣu vastuṣv anusyūtam ekam🔊the one (consciousness) threaded through all objects
viyadvat sadā śuddham accha-svarūpam🔊ever pure and untainted like space (which nothing can stain)
tathā cañcalatvaṃ tavāpīha viṣṇo🔊so too, O all-pervading Lord (Vishnu), the apparent restlessness is attributed to You (though You are ever still)

Benefits of Chanting Hastamalakiyam (Hastamalaka Stotram)

Presents the essence of Advaita Vedanta through vivid, easy-to-grasp similes (sun, mirror, reflected moon)

Strengthens the realization 'I am the eternal witness-consciousness, not the body or mind'

An excellent text for Self-enquiry (atma-vichara) and meditation on the true 'I'

Calms the mind by revealing the ever-free, untainted nature of the Self

Treasured in the Advaita tradition as the spontaneous utterance of a Self-realized child-sage

Recited for clarity of understanding (viveka) and steadiness in non-dual awareness

How to Chant Hastamalakiyam (Hastamalaka Stotram)

Repetitions1times
Best TimeEarly morning after bath, or during meditation and Vedantic study (svadhyaya)

Sit calmly facing east or north. Begin with Shankara's opening question and then recite the twelve reply verses slowly, dwelling on the refrain 'sa nityopalabdhi-svarupo'ham atma' — 'that Self of eternal awareness am I'. Contemplate each simile (the sun reflected in many waters, the face in the mirror) as a pointer to your own witness-nature. A single attentive recitation daily is ideal for contemplation; it may also be studied with its meaning.

Frequently Asked Questions

This page shows the complete Hastamalakiyam (Hastamalaka Stotram) written in the English script — the same Sanskrit/Hindi verses, transliterated character-by-character so you can read and chant comfortably. Tap any line (or the ▶ button) to hear it recited aloud.
Yes — only the script changes; the words and their meaning are the original. The verse-by-verse meaning, benefits and how-to-chant guidance on this page apply exactly the same.
It is a short Advaita Vedanta hymn, also called Hastamalaka Stotram, composed of twelve verses (with an opening question and a concluding verse). It records the answer of the boy-sage Hastamalaka to Adi Shankaracharya's question about his identity.
'Hasta' means hand and 'amalaka' means a gooseberry (myrobalan). The name signifies that the truth of the Self was as clear and direct to this sage as a fruit held in the palm of one's hand. It is also the name given to him by Shankara, who made him one of his principal disciples.
It means 'that Self, whose very nature is eternal awareness (constant cognition), am I'. Every verse ends with this line, affirming that one's true identity is the unchanging, self-luminous consciousness that witnesses the mind and senses.
Yes. Shankara was so struck by the depth of the young Hastamalaka's spontaneous reply that he himself wrote a commentary (bhashya) on these verses, and the boy became one of his four chief disciples, alongside Sureshvara, Padmapada and Totaka.

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Read the full Hastamalakiyam (Hastamalaka Stotram) with verse-by-verse meaning, or explore more sacred texts