Hastamalakiyam (Hastamalaka Stotram)
Hastamalakiyam (Hastamalaka Stotram) in English · English
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✦ Meaning
The Hastamalakiyam (Hastamalaka Stotram) is a famous Advaita hymn of twelve core verses spoken by the boy-sage Hastamalaka in answer to Adi Shankaracharya's question 'Who are you?'. The child replies that he is none of the bodily or social identities, but the eternal witness-consciousness — 'sa nityopalabdhi-svarupo'ham atma', 'that Self whose very nature is eternal awareness, am I' — the refrain of each verse. Using luminous similes of the sun, the mirror and reflected moonlight, it teaches the Self as the self-luminous reality behind mind and senses. Shankara was so moved that he wrote a commentary on it.
Origin & Story
Advaita stotra recorded by tradition; verses spoken by Hastamalakacharya, commentary by Adi Shankaracharya · Hastamalakacharya (verses); Adi Shankaracharya (compiler and commentator) · Classical (traditionally 8th century CE)
According to tradition, when Adi Shankaracharya was travelling he met a boy who, though appearing dull and silent to others, was in fact a great soul absorbed in the Self. When Shankara asked him 'Who are you, child? Where do you come from?', the boy responded with these twelve luminous verses declaring the Self as the eternal witness-consciousness, untouched by body, caste, ashrama or the senses. Shankara, recognizing his realization to be 'as clear as a fruit in the palm', named him Hastamalaka and made him one of his four chief disciples. So profound were the verses that Shankara wrote a commentary on them.
✦ As told in scripture
Tradition relates that the boy Hastamalaka had been regarded by his own family as dull-witted and mute, for he was forever absorbed within; yet at Shankara's single question the entire wisdom of Vedanta poured forth from him in these twelve flawless verses, revealing that what the world took for a simpleton was in truth a sage whose Self-knowledge was as plain to him as an amalaka fruit held in the hand.
Complete Text with Meaning
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kastvaṃ śiśo kasya kuto'si gantā kiṃ nāma te tvaṃ kuta āgato'si | etan mayoktaṃ vada cārbhaka tvaṃ mat-prītaye prīti-vivardhano'si ||1||
Meaning:(Shankara asks:) Who are you, O child? Whose are you? Where are you going? What is your name, and from where have you come? Tell me all this, dear boy — you delight me, you swell my affection.
nāhaṃ manuṣyo na ca deva-yakṣau na brāhmaṇa-kṣatriya-vaiśya-śūdrāḥ | na brahmacārī na gṛhī vanastho bhikṣur na cāhaṃ nija-bodha-rūpaḥ ||2||
Meaning:(The boy replies:) I am not a man, nor a god or yaksha; not a brahmana, kshatriya, vaishya or shudra; neither a celibate student, householder, forest-hermit nor mendicant — I am of the nature of pure Self-knowledge itself.
nimittaṃ manaś-cakṣur-ādi-pravṛttau nirastākhilopādhir ākāśa-kalpaḥ | ravir loka-ceṣṭā-nimittaṃ yathā yaḥ sa nityopalabdhi-svarūpo'ham ātmā ||3||
Meaning:The cause behind the working of the mind, eyes and the other senses, yet free of every limiting condition and subtle as space — like the sun that is the impartial cause of all activity in the world — that Self, whose very nature is eternal awareness, am I.
yam agny-uṣṇavan nitya-bodha-svarūpaṃ manaś-cakṣur-ādīny abodhātmakāni | pravartanta āśritya niṣkampam ekaṃ sa nityopalabdhi-svarūpo'ham ātmā ||4||
Meaning:That one, motionless reality, of the nature of eternal consciousness as heat is inseparable from fire, depending upon which the mind, eyes and senses — themselves insentient — carry out their functions — that Self, whose nature is eternal awareness, am I.
mukhābhāsako darpaṇe dṛśyamāno mukhatvāt pṛthaktvena naivāsti vastu | cid-ābhāsako dhīṣu jīvo'pi tadvat sa nityopalabdhi-svarūpo'ham ātmā ||5||
Meaning:The image of a face seen in a mirror has no real existence apart from the face itself; just so the individual soul is only the reflection of Consciousness in the intellect — that Self, whose nature is eternal awareness, am I.
yathā darpaṇābhāva ābhāsa-hānau mukhaṃ vidyate kalpanā-hīnam ekam | tathā dhī-viyoge nirābhāsako yaḥ sa nityopalabdhi-svarūpo'ham ātmā ||6||
Meaning:As, when the mirror is absent and the reflection ceases, the one face still remains free of all imagining, so the reality that remains without any reflection when the intellect is withdrawn — that Self, whose nature is eternal awareness, am I.
manaś-cakṣur-āder viyuktaḥ svayaṃ yo manaś-cakṣur-āder manaś-cakṣur-ādiḥ | manaś-cakṣur-āder agamya-svarūpaḥ sa nityopalabdhi-svarūpo'ham ātmā ||7||
Meaning:That which is itself ever apart from the mind, eyes and senses, yet is the very mind of the mind and eye of the eye, whose true nature the mind and senses can never reach — that Self, whose nature is eternal awareness, am I.
ya eko vibhāti svataḥ śuddha-cetāḥ prakāśa-svarūpo'pi nāneva dhīṣu | śarāvodaka-stho yathā bhānur ekaḥ sa nityopalabdhi-svarūpo'ham ātmā ||8||
Meaning:The one who shines by his own light, pure consciousness, who though of one nature appears as many in the many intellects — as the one sun appears multiplied in many bowls of water — that Self, whose nature is eternal awareness, am I.
yathāneka-cakṣuḥ-prakāśo ravir na krameṇa prakāśī-karoti prakāśyam | anekā dhiyo yas tathaikaḥ prabodhaḥ sa nityopalabdhi-svarūpo'ham ātmā ||9||
Meaning:As the sun, the light of countless eyes, does not illumine objects one after another but reveals all at once, so the one awareness illumines the many intellects together — that Self, whose nature is eternal awareness, am I.
vivasvat-prabhātaṃ yathā rūpam akṣaṃ pragṛhṇāti nābhātam evaṃ vivasvān | yad-ābhāta ābhāsayaty akṣam ekaḥ sa nityopalabdhi-svarūpo'ham ātmā ||10||
Meaning:Just as the eye grasps a form lit by the sun but cannot grasp the sun that is not itself lit by another, so that one by whose shining the eye itself is made to function — that Self, whose nature is eternal awareness, am I.
yathā sūrya eko'psv aneka-ścalāsu sthirāsv apy ananyad vibhāvya-svarūpaḥ | calāsu prabhinnaḥ sudhīṣv eka eva sa nityopalabdhi-svarūpo'ham ātmā ||11||
Meaning:As the one sun appears as many in rippling waters yet remains undivided in still waters, ever one in its real nature — appearing divided among restless intellects yet one in the wise — that Self, whose nature is eternal awareness, am I.
ghana-cchanna-dṛṣṭir ghana-cchannam arkaṃ yathā niṣprabhaṃ manyate cātimūḍhaḥ | tathā baddhavad bhāti yo mūḍha-dṛṣṭeḥ sa nityopalabdhi-svarūpo'ham ātmā ||12||
Meaning:As a person whose sight is veiled by clouds thinks, in his folly, that the cloud-covered sun has lost its light, so to the deluded vision the ever-free Self appears as though bound — that Self, whose nature is eternal awareness, am I.
samasteṣu vastuṣv anusyūtam ekaṃ samastāni vastūni yan na spṛśanti | viyadvat sadā śuddham accha-svarūpaṃ sa nityopalabdhi-svarūpo'ham ātmā ||13||
Meaning:The one consciousness threaded through all things, which no object can touch or taint, ever pure and clear like space itself — that Self, whose nature is eternal awareness, am I.
upādhau yathā bhedatā san-maṇīnāṃ tathā bhedatā buddhi-bhedeṣu te'pi | yathā candrikāṇāṃ jale cañcalatvaṃ tathā cañcalatvaṃ tavāpīha viṣṇo ||14||
Meaning:As the apparent difference among genuine gems is due only to their settings, so the apparent difference (in You) is due only to the differing intellects; and as the reflected moonbeams seem to quiver only because of the moving water, so the seeming restlessness, O Lord, is but apparent in You.
Word-by-Word Meaning
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Benefits of Chanting Hastamalakiyam (Hastamalaka Stotram)
Presents the essence of Advaita Vedanta through vivid, easy-to-grasp similes (sun, mirror, reflected moon)
Strengthens the realization 'I am the eternal witness-consciousness, not the body or mind'
An excellent text for Self-enquiry (atma-vichara) and meditation on the true 'I'
Calms the mind by revealing the ever-free, untainted nature of the Self
Treasured in the Advaita tradition as the spontaneous utterance of a Self-realized child-sage
Recited for clarity of understanding (viveka) and steadiness in non-dual awareness
How to Chant Hastamalakiyam (Hastamalaka Stotram)
Sit calmly facing east or north. Begin with Shankara's opening question and then recite the twelve reply verses slowly, dwelling on the refrain 'sa nityopalabdhi-svarupo'ham atma' — 'that Self of eternal awareness am I'. Contemplate each simile (the sun reflected in many waters, the face in the mirror) as a pointer to your own witness-nature. A single attentive recitation daily is ideal for contemplation; it may also be studied with its meaning.
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